Abstract
The purpose of the paper is to identify the key occupational and lifestyle factors that affect the physical and mental health of long-haul truck drivers and to substantiate why the driver’s health should be considered an important asset of the fleet. The study applies a structured analytical review of scientific and professional sources on occupational risks in road freight transport and a system-based assessment of workplace conditions. Particular attention is paid to the driver’s workplace characteristics, ergonomic configuration of the cab, and the practical inspection of the driver’s seat, as well as to prolonged exposure to industrial factors (physical inactivity, extended sitting, vibration, and forced posture). Results indicate that long-term exposure to these factors increases the risk of musculoskeletal disorders, cardiovascular complications, and deterioration of mental well-being, which in turn elevates the probability of occupational pathology and reduces functional performance. It is shown that targeted ergonomic solutions in cab design and workplace arrangement, combined with the driver’s conscious self-care (short on-road exercise routines, regulated work–rest schedules, and balanced nutrition), can mitigate cumulative health risks and improve work capacity. Fleet operators and vehicle designers should prioritize preventive measures: ergonomic optimization of the driver’s seat and cabin settings, organizational support for regular micro-breaks with brief physical activity, and corporate policies that encourage healthy eating and a sustainable work regime. These steps contribute to improved safety and operational continuity, reducing accident-related risks, delivery disruptions, and financial losses. The paper conceptualizes the driver’s health as a measurable component of fleet efficiency and profitability, linking occupational health management with safety performance and economic outcomes in road freight operations.
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